PNBE Railway Station Information and Trains for PNBE

Urdu, also known as "Pataliputra", is the List of state and union territory capitals in India and largest city of the state of Bihar in India. Patna is the second-largest city in East India after Kolkata. It had an estimated city population of 1.68 million in 2011, making it the List of cities in India by population in India. With over 2 million people, its urban agglomeration is the List of million-plus urban agglomerations in India in India. Patna also serves as the seat of Patna High Court.

One of the oldest continuously inhabited places in the world, Patna was founded in 490 BCE by the king of Magadha. History of Patna, known as Patliputra, was the capital of the Magadha under the Haryanka dynasty, Nanda dynasty, Maurya dynasty, Shunga dynasty, Gupta dynasty and Pala empire empires. Pataliputra was a seat of learning and fine arts. Patliputra was home to many astronomers and scholars including Aryabhata, Vātsyāyana and Chanakya . Its population during the Maurya period (around 300 BCE) was about 400,000. Patna served as the seat of power, political and cultural centre of Indian subcontinent during the Maurya Empire and Gupta Empire empires. With the fall of Gupta Empire, Patna lost its glory. It was revived again in the 17th century by the British as a centre of international trade. Following the partition of Bengal presidency in 1912, Patna became the capital of Bihar and Orissa Province. As of 2015, Patna's per capita gross domestic product is 1,06,000 ($1581). Using figures for assumed average annual growth, Patna is the 21st fastest growing city in the world and 5th fastest growing city in India according to a study by the City Mayors Foundation. Patna registered an average annual growth of 3.72% during 2006-2010.

The name of this city has changed with time. One of the oldest cities of India, there are several theories regarding the origin of the modern name Patna (Devanagri:पटना) (Gurmukhi:ਪਟਨਾ)It is etymology derived from ''Patan'' (Devanagari: पटन), the name of the Hindu goddess, Patan Devi.,Patan Devi Mandir is still situated in old Patna near Gulzarbagh mandi along with another Patan Devi Mandir near Takht Sri Patna Sahib in Patna city.,Many believe Patna derived its name from Patli, a tree variety that was found in abundance in the historic city. It is also seen on the Bihar State Tourism Development Corporation's logo.,The place is mentioned in Chinese traveller Faxian's records as Pa-lin-fou.,Legend ascribes the origin of Patna to the mythological King Putraka who created Patna by magic for his queen Patali, literally "trumpet flower", which gives it its ancient name Pataligrama. It is said that in honour of the queen's first-born, the city was named Pataliputra. ''Gram'' is Sanskrit for village and ''Putra'' means son. Legend also says that the Emerald Buddha was created in Patna (then Pataliputra) by Nagasena in 43 BCE.

Patna assumed importance and grandeur around 490 BCE as Ajatashatru, the king of Magadha, wanted to shift his capital from the hilly Rajagrha (today's Rajgir) to a strategically located place to better combat the Licchavi (clan)s of Vaishali (ancient city). He chose the site on the bank of the Ganges and fortified the area. Gautama Buddha travelled through this place in the last year of his life. He prophesied a great future for this place even as he predicted its ruin due to flood, fire and feud.

built by Ashoka

Megasthenes, the Indo-Greek historian and ambassador to the court of Chandragupta Maurya, gave one of the earliest accounts of the city. He wrote that the city was situated on the confluence of the rivers ''Ganga'' and ''Arennovoas'' (Sonabhadra — Hiranyawah) and was long and wide. Megasthenes, the Greek ambassador to India, described the city as the greatest city on earth during its heyday. The Shungas ultimately retained control of Pataliputra and ruled for almost 100 years. The Shungas were then followed by the Kanvas and eventually by the Guptas.

A number of Chinese travellers came to India in pursuit of knowledge and recorded their observations about Pataliputra in their travelogues. One such famous account was recorded by a Chinese Buddhist traveller Fa Hien, who visited India between 399 and 414 CE, and stayed here for many months translating Buddhist texts.

In the years that followed, many dynasties ruled the Indian subcontinent from the city, including the Gupta dynasty and the Pala empire kings. With the disintegration of the Gupta empire, Patna passed through uncertain times. Muhammad Khilji captured Bihar in the 12th century and destroyed everything, and Patna lost its prestige as the political and cultural centre of India.

Guru Gobind Singh (22 December 1666 - 7 October 1708), the tenth Guru of the Sikhs, was born as Gobind Rai in Patna to Guru Teg Bahadur, the ninth Guru of the Sikhs, and his wife Mata Gujri. His birthplace, Patna Sahib is one of the most sacred sites of pilgrimage for Sikhs.

The Mughal era empire was a period of unremarkable provincial administration from Delhi. The most remarkable period during the Middle Ages was under the Pathan emperor Sher Shah Suri, who revived Patna in the middle of the 16th century. He built a fort and founded a town on the banks of the Ganges. Sher Shah's fort in Patna does not survive, although the Sher Shah Suri mosque, built in Afghan architectural style, does. Mughal emperor Akbar reached Patna in 1574 to crush the rebellious Afghan Chief Daud Khan Karrani. One of the navratnas from Akbar's court, his official historian and author of "Ain-i-Akbari" Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak refers to Patna as a flourishing centre for paper, stone and glass industries. He also refers to the high quality of numerous strains of rice grown in Patna, famous as Patna rice in Europe.

By 1620, the city of Patna was being described as the "chefest mart towne of all Bengala" (i.e. largest town in Bengal) in northern India, "the largest town in Bengal and the most famous for trade". This was before the founding of the city of Calcutta. Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb acceded to the request of his favourite grandson, Prince Muhammad Azim, to rename Patna as Azimabad, in 1704 while Azim was in Patna as the subedar. Patna

Azimabad did see some violent activities, according to Phllip Mason, writing in the book "The Men Who Ruled India". "Aurangzeb had restored the poll-tax (Jazia) on unbelievers and this had to be compounded for. In Patna, Peacock the Chief of the factory, was not sufficiently obliging and was seized, forced to walk through the town bare-headed and bare-footed and subjected to many other indignities before he paid up and was released." However, very little changed during this period other than the name. With the decline of the Mughal empire, Patna moved into the hands of the Nawabs of Bengal, who levied a heavy tax on the populace but allowed it to flourish as a commercial centre. The mansions of the Maharaja of Tekari Raj dominated the Patna river front in 1811-12.

During the 17th century, Patna became a centre of international trade.

"160px">File:Sir Charles D'Oyly - Street in Patna - Google Art Project.jpg|Street in Patna, 1825 (British, active in India)File:Golghar at Bankipur, near Patna, 1814-15.jpg|Golghar at Bankipore, near Patna, 1814-15

People from Patna were greatly involved in the Indian independence movement. Most notable movements were the Champaran movement against the Indigo plantation and the 1942 Quit India Movement. National leaders who came from the city include Swami Sahajanand Saraswati; the first President of the Constituent Assembly of India, Dr. Rajendra Prasad; ''Bihar Vibhuti'' (Anugrah Narayan Sinha); Basawon Singh (Sinha); and ''Loknayak'' (Jayaprakash Narayan).

Patna remained the capital of Bihar after India gained independence in 1947, even as Bihar was partitioned again in 2000 when Jharkhand became a separate state of the Indian union. On 3 October 2014, 33 people were killed and 26 injured in a 2014 Patna stampede during Vijaya Dashmi celebrations.

Patna is located on the southern bank of the river Ganges in East India. The total area of Patna is . Of this, the municipal area constitutes , while the suburban area constitutes . The exact cartographic co-ordinates of Patna are . It has an average elevation of . A characteristic feature of the geography of Patna is at the confluence of rivers.

During the British Raj, Patna was part of the Bengal Presidency. After Nalanda district was carved out of Patna district in 1976, Patna was purged of all hilly regions. It is an alluvial, flat expanse of land .The land in the district is too fertile and is almost entirely cultivated with no forest cover . Alluvial soil found herevis ideal for cultivation of rice, sugarcane and other foodgrains. The area under cultivation is studded with mango orchards and bamboo groves . In the fields along the banks of river Ganges, weeds such as ammannia, citriculari, hygrophile and sesbania grow. But palmyra, date palm and mango orchards are found near habitations. Dry stretches of shrubbery are sometimes seen in the villages far from the rivers. Trees commonly found are bel, siris, jack fruit and the red cotton tree. Patna is unique in having four large rivers in its vicinity. It is the largest riverine city in the world. The topography of Patna city is saucer shaped as per Patna City Development Plan prepared in 2006 . The bridge over the river Ganges named Mahatma Gandhi Setu is 5575m long and is list of bridges by length.

Patna comes under Earthquake zones of India, indicating its vulnerability to major earthquakes, but earthquakes have not been common in recent history. Patna also falls in the risk zone for floods and cyclones.

Pollution is a major concern in Patna. According to the Comptroller and Auditor General of India report, tabled in the Bihar Legislative Assembly in April 2015, respirable suspended particulate matter (RSPM) level (PM-10) in Patna was 355, three-and-a-half times higher than the prescribed limit of 100 micro-gram per cubic metre, primarily due to high vehicular and industrial emissions and construction activities in the city. In May 2014, a World Health Organization survey declared Patna the second most air polluted city in India, only after Delhi, with the survey calculating the airborne particulate matter in the state capital's ambient air (PM-2.5) to be 149 micro-grams, six times more than the safe limit, which is 25 micro-grams. Severe air pollution in the city has caused a rise in pollution-related respiratory ailments, such as lung cancer, asthma, dysentery and diarrhoea. The dense smog in Patna during winter season results in major air and rail traffic disruptions every year.

Patna has long been a major agricultural hub and centre of trade . Its most active exports are cereal, sugarcane, sesame, and medium-grained Patna rice. There are several sugar mills in and around Patna. It is an important business and luxury brand centre of eastern India.

The economy of Patna has seen sustained economic growth since 2005. The economy has been spurred by growth in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods industry, the service sector, along with Green revolution businesses. As of 2015, GDP per capita of Patna is 1,06,000 ($1581) and its GDP growth rate is 7.29 per cent.

Patna is the 21st fastest growing city in the world and the fifth fastest growing city in India, and is expected to grow at an average annual rate of 3.72%.

Patna is also emerging as a Information technology in India based economy. Tata Consultancy Services got operational in 2019 at it's new office.

"160px">File:SBI Patna.JPG|State Bank of India- Patna Regional office at East Gandhi Maidan MargFile:RBI Patna.JPG|Reserve Bank of India's regional office at South Gandhi Maidan Marg, Patna

is one of the oldest and major shopping area of the city

With an estimated population of 1.68 million in 2011, Patna is the 19th most populous city in India and with over 2 million people, its urban agglomeration is the 18th largest in India. Residents of Patna are referred to by the demonym Patnaite.

According to 2011 census data, Patna city had a population of 1,683,200 (before expansion of the city limits) within the Patna Municipal Corporation limits, with 894,158 men and 789,042 women. This was an increase of 22.2 percent compared to the 2001 figures. 11.32 per cent of the population was under six years of age, with 102,208 boys while 88,288 are girls. The overall literacy is 83.37%, with the male literacy rate being 87.35% and the female literacy rate being 79.89%. The sex ratio of Patna is 885 females per 1,000 males. Child sex ratio of girls is 877 per 1000 boys. The urban agglomeration had a population of 2,046,652 of which 1,087,864 are males and 958,788 are females with 82.73% literacy. Patna metropolitan region constitutes the second largest metropolitan region in East India.

is a famous temple in Patna.

According to the 2011 census of India, Patna's major religion is Hinduism with 86.39% followers. Islam is second most popular religion in Patna with approximately 12.27% following it. Christianity, Jainism, Sikhism and Buddhism, with smaller followings, are also practised in Patna. During last census report, around 0.01% stated other religion and approximately 0.49% stated no particular religion. Like other fast-growing cities in the developing world, Patna suffers from major urbanisation problems including unemployment, poor public health and poor civic and educational standards for a large section of the population. In 2015, the National Sample Survey Organisation revealed that, for females, Patna had highest unemployment rate 34.6% and for males it was the second highest with a rate of 8% in 2011-12.

Religions in Patna (2011)

The civic administration of Patna is run by several government agencies, and has overlapping structural divisions. At least five administrative definitions of the city are available; listed in ascending order of area, those are:# Patna division# Patna district (also the Patna Police area),# the Patna Metropolitan Region (also known as Patna Planning area)# "Greater Patna"

PRDA area, which adds to the PMC area a few areas just adjacent to it# Patna Municipal Corporation area.

The Patna Municipal Corporation was ranked 4th out of 21 Cities for best governance & administrative practices in India in 2014. It scored 3.6 on 10 compared to the national average of 3.3.

The revenue district of Patna come under the jurisdiction of a District Collector (District Magistrate). The Collectors are in charge of the general administration, property records and revenue collection for the Central Government, and oversee the national elections held in the city.

The Bihar Urban Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited (BUIDCO) and the Patna Metropolitan Area Authority, are responsible for the statutory planning and development of Patna Metropolitan Region. Patna Metropolitan Area Authority was established in 2016. It is the superseding agency for the former Patna Regional Development Authority (PRDA), which was dissolved in 2006.

(shown above) lies in the heart of Patna and is the site for most political and social functions in the city.

In addition to city government, numerous commissions and state authorities—including the Ministry of Tourism, the Bihar Health Department, the Bihar Water Resources Department, National Ganga River Basin Authority, Bihar State Pollution Control Board and the Bihar Public Service Commission—play a role in the life of Patnaites. As the capital of Bihar, Patna plays a major role not only in state politics but in central politics as well.

left|Shyam Rajak, MLA||JDU||Phulwari (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|| Patna master 2031 is the second master plan of city which has been passed ever, after the last plan was approved for 1961-1981. Patna master plan covers six urban local bodies - Patna Municipal Corporation, Danapur Nagar Parishad, Phulwarisharif Nagar Parishad, Khagaul Nagar Parishad, Maner Nagar Panchayat and Fatuha Nagar Parishad. 5 satellite towns have also been proposed in the master plan at Bihta, Naubatpur, Punpun, Fatuha and Khusrupur.

Patna has been selected as one of the hundred Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under Government of India's flagship Smart Cities Mission. With the grade of a Smart city, Patna will have highly up-to-date and radical provisions like uninterrupted electric supply, first-rate traffic and transport system, superior health care and many other prime utilities. Under this scheme, the city will use digital technology that will act as the integral mechanism of the aforesaid facilities and thereby further elevate the lifestyle of the citizens. A special purpose vehicle company named the Patna Smart City Limited has been formed to implement the smart city projects. On 22 November 2017, Eptisa Servicios de Ingenieria SL of Spain was chosen as the project management consultant.

TV Tower broadcasts programming to PatnaGround water fulfills the basic need of the people, administered by Patna Jal Parishad under Patna Municipal Corporation. The public water supply system comprises 98 tube wells that pump water directly to the distribution mains. Around 23 overhead reservoirs located at Saidpur, Beur, Pahari and Karmali Chak. In 2019, the central government has started the process ''Nirmal Ganga'', which is to build new sewerage infrastructure at Patna’s Karmalichak as well as in Barh, Naugachia and Sultanganj. The new infrastructure will be capable of preventing the flow of 6.7 crore litre of sewage into Ganga.

As of 2011, the city's electricity consumption is about 601 kWh per capita, even though the actual demand is much higher. Electricity supply to the city is regulated and distributed by the South Bihar Power Distribution Company Limited managed by Bihar State Power Holding Company Limited (the holding company and a successor company of erstwhile Bihar State Electricity Board). The city forms the Patna Electricity Supply Unit (PESU) Circle, which is further divided into two wings namely Patna East (consists Kankarbagh, Patna City, Gulzarbagh, Bankipore, Rajendra Nagar, Patna Divisions)and Patna West (Consists Danapur, New Capital, Pataliputra Housing Colony, Gardanibagh, Dak Bungalow divisions).

Direct-to-home (DTH) is available via DD Free Dish, Airtel digital TV, Dish TV, Tata Sky, Videocon d2h, Sun Direct and Reliance Digital TV. Cable companies include Darsh Digital Network Pvt. Ltd., SITI Maurya Cablenet Pvt. Ltd etc. The Conditional Access System for cable television was implemented in March 2013.

Patna comes under the Patna Telecom District of the Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL), India's state-owned telecom and internet services provider. Both Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and Code division multiple access (CDMA) mobile services are available. Apart from telecom, BSNL also provides broadband internet service. Among private enterprises, Bharti Airtel, Jio, Reliance Communications, Idea Cellular, Aircel, Tata Teleservices (Tata DoCoMo, Virgin Mobile and Tata Indicom), Telenor India (Formerly Uninor & Now Acquired by Bharti Airtel), Vodafone India and Videocon Telecom are the leading telephone and cell phone service providers in the city.

Patna was the second Indian city, after Bangalore, which offered free WiFi connectivity to its citizens in February 2014. By surpassing the previous record-holder, Beijing in China, Patna's WiFi zone is the world's longest free WiFi zone, which covers a 20-km stretch from NIT Patna on Ashok Rajpath to Danapur.

Patna is located about 100 km south of national North-South and East-West Corridor. The National Highway 30 (India), National Highway 31 (India) and National Highway 2 (India) passes through the city. The Ashok Rajpath, Patna-Danapur Road, Bailey Road, Patna, Harding Road and Kankarbagh old bypass Road are the major corridors.

Patna was one of the first places in India to use horse-drawn trams for public Trams in India. Public transportation today is provided for by buses, auto rickshaws and local trains. Auto rickshaws are said to be the lifeline of the city. BSRTC has started City bus service on all major routes of Patna. App based cab service is available within city.

Patna Airport known as Lok Nayak Jayaprakash Narayan International Airport is classified as a restricted international airport. The arrival of several low-cost carriers and a number of new destinations have caused a growth in air traffic in recent years, as has an improvement in the situation with regard to law and order. For the period April to December 2009 the airport ranked first in a survey of 46 airports in the country in terms of percentage growth of domestic passengers as well as domestic aircraft movement. The Airport Authority of India (AAI) has proposed to develop a civil enclave at Bihta Air Force Station to serve as the new airport for Patna. The military airfield lies southwest of Patna, in Bihta.

Patna is served by several railway stations located in different areas of the city. The Patna Junction railway station is the main railway station of the city, and one of the busiest railway stations in India. Patna lies in between New Delhi and Kolkata on Howrah-Delhi main line, which is one of the busiest rail routes in India. Patna Junction is directly connected to most of the major cities in India. The city has four additional major railway stations: (adjacent to Kankarbagh), (near Bailey Road, Patna), (near western outskirts) and (in Patna City area). Danapur is the divisional headquarters of East Central Railway zone's Danapur railway division. Patna is well connected with neighbouring Gaya, India, Jehanabad, Bihar Sharif, Rajgir, Islampur, Nalanda through daily passenger and express train services. And also connected with Jamalpur Junction and Munger. India's longest road-cum-rail bridge, Digha-Sonpur bridge has been constructed across river Ganges, connecting Digha, Patna to Pahlejaghat Junction railway station in Sonpur, Bihar. The bridge was completed in 2015, It is long and therefore the List of longest bridges above water in India, after Bogibeel Bridge in Assam.

The city is served by several major road highways and state highways, including Indian highways National Highway 19 (India), National Highway 30 (India), National Highway 31 (India), and National Highway 83 (India). Asia's longest river bridge, the Mahatma Gandhi Setu (built 1982), is located in Patna and connects the city to Hajipur across the Ganga. In recent times, the bridge has been witnessing major traffic chaos and accidents due to exceeding number of vehicles passing over it and regularly overloading the structure. A Kacchi Dargah-Bidupur Bridge across the Ganges parallel to Mahatma Gandhi Setu is proposed which would connect Kacchi Dargah in Patna City to Bidupur in Vaishali district, which will be the longest bridge in India after completion.Patna is well connected with roads to various major cities of Bihar like Munger, Jamalpur, Bihar, Bhagalpur, Gaya, India, and Purnia.

Patna is East from Delhi, North East from Mumbai, North from Hyderabad, India and North West from Kolkata. Luxury bus service between Patna and several neighbouring cities is provided by the Bihar State Tourism Development Corporation and the Bihar State Road Transport Corporation. Auto Rikshaws are a popular mode of transportation. Prepaid auto services operated by an all-women crew was started in 2013 in Patna, which is the first of its kind in India. Radio Taxi services are also available within city limit as well as outskirts. There are also private options such as Ola Cabs. It will be constructed on Public Private Partnership (PPP) mode, estimated to cost . It will have 5 lines with a total planned length of km, which will be built in 3 phases. Patna Monorail Project covering the municipal area is also underway.Recently the central government approved Patna metro rail project comprising two corridors(Danapur-Mithapur and Patna railway station-New ISBT).According to government,the project will be completed in 5 years with an estimated cost of Rs.13,365.77 crore.

The Ganges - navigable throughout the year - was the principal river highway across the vast Indo-Gangetic Plain. Vessels capable of accommodating five hundred merchants were known to ply this river in the ancient period; it served as a major trade route, as goods were transported from Pataliputra to the Bay of Bengal and further, to ports in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia. The role of the Ganges as a channel for trade was enhanced by its natural links - it embraces all the major rivers and streams in both north and south Bihar.

In recent times, Inland Waterways Authority of India has declared the stretch of river Ganges between Allahabad and Haldia National Inland Waterway and has taken steps to restore and maintain its navigability. The National Waterway 1 (India), the longest Waterway in India, stretches 1620 km in the River Ganga from Allahabad to Haldia via Varanasi, Munger, Bhagalpur passes through Patna. This National Waterways has fixed terminal at Patna. In September 2014, a luxury cruise called ‘MV Rajmahal’ from Patna to Varanasi was launched by the state-based Assam Bengal Navigation Company (ABN).

Patna's native language is Magahi

Magadhi a language derived from the ancient Magadhi Prakrit, which was created in the ancient kingdom of Magadha, the core of which was the area of Patna south of the Ganges. It is believed to be the language spoken by Gautama Buddha. Patna has a vibrant Bengali culture too with many Bengali stalwarts including the first Chief Minister of post independence West Bengal, Bidhan Chandra Ray, being born here.The numerous Bengali speaking Patnaites have contributed massively into fine arts,culture, education and history of Bihar in general and Patna in particular. However, Magahi was the official language of the Mauryan court, in which the edicts of Ashoka were composed.

The name ''Magahi'' is directly derived from the name Magadhi Prakrit, and educated speakers of Magahi prefer to call it "Magadhi" rather than "Magahi".

Patna has many buildings adorned with Indo-Islamic and Indo-Saracenic architectural motifs. Several well-maintained major buildings from the colonial period have been declared "heritage structures"; others are in various stages of decay. Established in 1917 as the Bihar's first museum, the Patna Museum (पटना संग्रहालय) houses large collections that showcase Indian natural history and Indian art. The Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Library and Sinha Library are historic public libraries of Patna.

Several theatres are located in

near the central part of the city, including the Bhartiya Nritya Kala Mandir, the Rabindra Parishad, Premchand Rangshala and the Kalidas Rangalaya, which is home to the Bihar art theatre. Kalidas Rangalaya also hosts the Patliputra Natya Mahotsav, a dance festival. But in the last two decades, the popularity of commercial theatres in the city has declined.

The Patna School of Painting

Patna Qalaam, some times also called Company style, is an offshoot of the well-known Mughal Miniature school of painting, which flourished in Bihar during the early 18th to the mid-20th centuries. The practitioners of this art form were descendants of Hindu artisans of Mughal painting who facing persecution under the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb and who found refuge, via Murshidabad, in Patna during the late 18th century. The Patna painters differed from the Mughal painters, whose subjects included only royalty and court scenes, in that they included as subjects bazaar scenes, scenes of Indian daily life, local dignitaries, festivals and ceremonies, and nature scenes.

Some well known dishes of Bihari cuisine include ''sattu paratha'' (parathas stuffed with roasted gram flour), "''sattu ka sharbat''"(a spiced drink with roasted gram flour as main ingredient), ''chokha'' (spicy mashed potatoes), fish curry, Bihari kebab, ''postaa-dana kaa halwaa'', malpua, dal pitha (Bihari version of Momo (dumpling)s), ''kheer makhana'' (Euryale ferox) and ''thekua/khajuria'' (a type of snack).

Street foods such as Samosa, Chaat, litti chokha, phuchka (a deep-fried crêpe with tamarind sauce), South Indian and Chinese cuisine are favourite among Patnaites.

Bihari Women have traditionally worn cotton sari but shalwar kameez and other western attire are gaining acceptance among younger women. Western attire has gained wide acceptance among the urban men, although the traditional dhoti and kurta are seen during festivals. Chhath, also called Dala Chhath, is a major ancient festival in Bihar. It is celebrated twice a year: once in the summer, called the Chaiti Chhath, and once about a week after Deepawali, called the Kartik Chhath. Durga Puja, held in September-October, is Patna's another important festival; it is an occasion for glamorous celebrations. Among the city's other festivals, are Saraswati Puja, Eid al-Fitr, Holi, Christmas, Vishwakarma Puja, Makar Sankranti, Raksha Bandhan and Rath Yatra. Cultural events include the Patna Book Fair, Patna Sahib Mahotsav, the Patna Film Festival, Bihar Diwas, Rajgir Mahotsav, Vaishali Mahotsav and the Sonepur Cattle Fair in neighbouring towns.

"160px">File:Durga Puja 2014 Patna 05.JPG|A murti,

representation, of the goddess Durga shown during the Durga Puja festivalFile:People Celebrating Chhath Festival.jpg|People Celebrating Chhath Festival the 2nd Day at Morning a tribute to the rising holy God Sun

was originally built to serve as a granary for the British East India company army during the famine of 1786. It now features an observation deck overlooking the Ganges and the city. in Patna

Patna is home to many Tourism in Patna and it saw about 2.4 million tourists (including day visitors) in 2005. Tourists visiting the city accounted for 41% of the total number of tourists visiting Bihar although Bodh Gaya was the most popular destination for foreign visitors.

The cultural heritage of Bihar is reflected in its many ancient monuments. Kumhrar and Agam Kuan are the sites of the ruins of the Ashokan Pataliputra. Didarganj Yakshi remains as an example of Mauryan art.

Takht Sri Patna Sahib is Takht (Sikhism) of Sikhism and consecrates the birthplace of the tenth Guru of the Sikhs, Gobind Singh. There are five other Tourism in Patna#Sikh pilgrimages which are related to different Sikh Gurus; these are Gurdwara Pahila Bara, Gurdwara Gobind Ghat, Gurdwara Guru ka Bagh,Gurdwara Bal Leela, Gurdwara Handi Sahib. and Prakash Punj.

Padri Ki Haveli, Patna High Court, Golghar, Sultan Palace (Patna) and Patna Secretariat are examples of British architecture. Gandhi Maidan is a historic ground in Patna where several freedom movement rallies took place. Nealy built Buddha Smriti Park near Patna Junction is also becoming a major tourist attraction.

The Patna Planetarium (Indira Gandhi Planetarium) is located in Patna's Indira Gandhi Science Complex. It claims to be one of the largest planetariums in Asia and to attract a large number of tourists.

The Sanjay Gandhi Jaivik Udyan (Patna Zoo) is located at Bailey road, Raj Bhawan, Rajbanshi nagar, and includes over 300 mammals, 300 birds and 450 species of reptiles as of January 2019.

In 2015, the Bihar government has built a state-of-the-art Bihar Museum in Patna at a cost of approximately 530 crores on a site of 13.9 acres at Bailey Road, Patna. 5 firms were shortlisted for the architectural design, of which the Japanese firm Maki and Associates was chosen. It is now completed and opened for all.

Completed in May 2018, the Sabhyata Dwar was built with a Mauryan art#Architecture. It was opened to the general public in December 2018.

In 2014, the Bihar government laid foundation of Samrat Ashok International Convention Centre. It is expected to use more steel than used in raising Eiffel Tower and Indira Gandhi International Airport.

Construction of Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam Science City began in February 2019.

The Eco Park, Patna is located in Jawaharlal Nehru Marg. It has more than 3,000 varieties of plants and includes several theme parks, a restaurant and an area for boat riding.

at Bihta, one of the premier institutes of engineering and research in India., established 1863, is considered to be the oldest institution of higher education in Bihar.Schools in Patna are either government run schools

private schools . The schools are affiliated to Bihar School Examination Board (BSEB), the All-India Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE), National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS)

the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) boards. A number of Bengali medium schools also thrive in Patna. Hindi and English are the primary languages of instruction. A 2012 survey found 1,574 schools: of these, 78% were private unaided schools (most of them at affordable cost), 21% government schools and 1% private aided.

Under the 10+2+3 plan, students complete ten years of schooling and then enroll in schools that have a higher secondary facility and are affiliated to the Bihar State Intermediate Board, the All-India Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE), the NIOS

the CBSE, where they select one of three streams: arts, commerce,

science.

Patna has important government educational institutions like Patna University, Anugrah Narayan College, Patna, Chanakya National Law University, Aryabhatta Knowledge University, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bakhtiyarpur College of Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Patna, Patna Science College, Patna Women's College, Patna Law College, Bihar Veterinary College, J.D. Women's College, Birla Institute of Technology, Patna, Patna Medical College Hospital, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Nalanda Medical College Hospital, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Mahavir Cancer Sansthan, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Patna, National Institute of Fashion Technology Patna, Chandragupt Institute of Management, Development Management Institute, National Institute of Electronics & Information Technology, Patliputra University.

Patna University was established in 1917 and is the seventh oldest modern university in the Indian Sub-continent. Patna also has a variety of other universities, as well as many primary and secondary schools.

Nalanda University (also known as Nalanda International University) is a newly established university located in Rajgir, around from Patna. The University, created as a revival of an ancient centre of learning at Nalanda, began its first academic session on 1 September 2014. It will attract students from across the globe.

near Rajendra Nagar, Patna, It is used for cricket and association football

As in the Cricket in India, cricket is popular in Patna and is played on grounds and in streets throughout the city. There are several sports grounds located across the city. The Bihar Cricket Association, which regulates cricket in Bihar, is based in the city. Tournaments, especially those involving cricket, basketball, football, badminton, and table tennis, are regularly organised on an inter-locality

inter-club basis.

Moin-ul-Haq Stadium, which has a capacity of 25,000, has served as venue for two one-day international cricket matches and several national sport events. It was home to the Bihar cricket team. Due to negligence, lack of maintenance, the stadium is in a dilapidated state and no international match has been played here since 1996. In 2013, it was announced by the Chief Minister of Bihar Nitish Kumar that an Nalanda International Cricket Stadium will be constructed at Rajgir.

The Patna Golf Club was established on 21 March 1916 is one of oldest golf course of India. It is an 18-hole golf course located in a historic setting in and around Bailey Road, Patna and has a course.

Patna hosted the 2012 Women's Kabaddi World Cup. It was held at the Patliputra Sports Complex, Kankarbagh from 1 to 4 March 2012. Hosts India won the World Cup defeating Iran in the finals. Patna also hosts the seven league matches of Pro Kabaddi League with its home team as Patna Pirates at the Patliputra Sports Complex.

Other famous sports complexes of Patna are Bihar Police's Mithilesh Stadium, East Central Railway zone's indoor stadium at Digha. etc.

"160px">File:Cricket (2305682483).jpg|A game of cricket in progressFile:Kankarbagh Indoor Stadium.png|Kankarbagh Indoor Stadium at Patliputra Sports Complex during Pro Kabaddi League match

The beginning of the 20th century was marked by a number of notable new publications. A monthly magazine named ''Bharat Ratna'' was started from Patna in 1901. It was followed by ''Ksahtriya Hitaishi'', ''Aryavarta'' from Danapur, Patna, ''Udyoga'' and ''Chaitanya Chandrika''. ''Udyog'' was edited by Vijyaanand Tripathy, a famous poet of the time and ''Chaitanya Chandrika'' by Krishna Chaitanya Goswami, a literary figure of that time. The literary activity was not confined to Patna alone but to many districts of Bihar.

Magahi Parishad, established in Patna in 1952, pioneered Magadhi journalism in Bihar. It started the monthly journal, ''Magadhi'', which was later renamed ''Bihan''.

Many national media agencies, including the Press Trust of India and Doordarshan's regional offices are based in the city. ''The Hindu'',''The Times of India'', ''Hindustan Times'', ''The Economic Times'' and ''The Telegraph (Calcutta)'' are the five principal English language daily newspapers which have Patna editions. ''The Pioneer (newspaper)'' and ''The Indian Express'', though not printed in the city, are other English language daily newspaper available in the city. The city's Hindi newspapers include ''Hindustan Dainik'', ''Dainik Jagran'', ''Dainik Bhaskar'', ''Prabhat Khabar'', ''Aj (newspaper)'' and ''Rashtriya Sahara'',

Patna is also served by several AM and FM radio stations. The city hosts several radio stations, including the state-owned All India Radio's Vividh Bharati, and FM 105. The All India Radio, Patna (officially Akashvani Patna Kendra) was established in 1948.

Patna is also served by several private channels.

, Nalanda district